Arif,

It would be fine if we as a "fellowship" as much as possible could use the same terms and definitions about the different of geographical areas.

Rolf seems during the last months to have made some redefinitions as I unfortunately have not been aware of. He is now concentrating his efforts about what he earlier called type III exclaves/enclaves. His new definition is not e.g. clearly stating if "Kaliningrad/Alaska class" areas are exclaves or not.

You are not mentioning the word "exclave" at all, even if you are referring to Rolf's description, and below I understand your definitions like you in fact do not completely agree with him ;-) ?

Rolf is saying that "An enclave is a geographical territory which is completely surrounded by foreign territory". Maybe my English is not too strong, but does this clearly mean that he is talking about one single country's territory or only land territory?

Mike wants to use the term "clave". This noun I cannot find in my Webster. (The Norwegian (Scandinavian) word "klave" (animal) means "collar; neck yoke", ref. "enklave"/"eksklave" and could therefore create confusions as a new term.)

I am not against your idea in general. They seems to be a good step further as I cannot remember to have seen any better arrangement of these terms before. But maybe we would get one step further if we learnt what kind of professional terms are used among scientists or geographists? (Brendan?) Otherwise your definitions should maybe be a little better described in order to avoid misunderstandings.

Rolf's definition:

«An enclave is a geographical territory which is completely surrounded by foreign territory. Such a territory is called an enclave only in respect to the surrounding foreign territory and an exclave in respect to the territory to which it is politically attached.

Below is a list of all current enclaves/exclaves that I know of, arranged alphabetically according to the country to which they are politically attached.

Excluded from the list are

countries that are completely surrounded by foreign territory. Examples are the Vatican City and the Republic of San Marino which both lie within the boundaries of Italy. Being independent countries, such enclaved states cannot be exclaves.
portions of a country that are isolated from the main part of the country but not landlocked by foreign territory. Examples are the Russian region of Kaliningrad and the Spanish towns of Ceuta and Melilla. Although frequently referred to as enclaves, they are not true enclaves since they are accessible by sea.»

	Jan

-----Original Message-----
From: Arif Samad [mailto:fHoiberg@...]
Sent: 3. januar 2003 20:23
To: BoundaryPoint@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [BoundaryPoint] Re: Enclaves/exclave classes

You know what, I have given up calling all non-true-enclave situations as enclaves, as the different kinds of land area would confusingly all be called some type of enclaves. I think we should actually make up a formula of some sort of enclave factor, depending on distance, size and other factors. My categories are 1) Enclaves - True surrounded ones (Llivia) 2) Surrounded countries - Pretty self-explanatory (Lesotho) 3) Boundary Cross Salients - An area that touches the parent country at one point (Jungholz) 4) Fragments - Pieces that has a separate boundary from the parent country a) Coastal - Has a boundary as well as coast (Alaska) b) Land - Landlocked pieces touching more than one counry (Nakhichevan) 5) Tongues - Pieces that are separated by water even though they are not truly separated by boundary lines (Point Roberts) [This has a few categories of sea, lake and river tongues] 6) Bottleneck salients - Pieces that have a thin connection at one area of the boundary I don't like road crossings as a judge for what is known as pene-enclaves. This is because I don't think the curiosity factor should change every time a new road is made or destroyed. (Though it could be argued that Point Roberts is not a curiosity for those who can swim) But that may be because I can't afford all the border trips.