----- Original Message -----
Sent: Monday, October 11, 2004 4:51
AM
Subject: Re: [BoundaryPoint] Sastavci
enclave
Interesting yes, though it's from January, not
June.
--- chris schulz <23568@...> wrote:
> Hm, maybe
little old message from June 2004, but
> anyway
interesting:
>
http://www.tfeagle.army.mil/tfeno/Feature_Story.asp?Article=75444
>
> regards, Chris
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Brendan Whyte
> To: boundarypoint@yahoogroups.com
> Sent: Thursday, August 26, 2004 8:23
AM
> Subject: [BoundaryPoint] Sastavci enclave
>
>
> Just in from the Serbian embassy in
Canberra.
> Brendan
>
>
>
Questions about enclaves of Serbia and Montenegro
>
>
>
Agreement ON state borders between
> Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia
and Herzegovina has
> not been signed yet, and the question of
enclave
> Sastavci has not been answered. negotiations about
>
confirmation of the state border are being done
> within the framework
of International Diplomatic
> Commission for the state borders between
Serbia and
> Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, whose
mission
> is to identified and confirm the state border, to
>
describe it in a written form, draw the border on
> the required
topographic maps and to prepare the
> proposals under the International
Acts for
> confirmation of the border. Negotiations have
> started
on 27 April 2001 in Belgrade and so far
> there had been 7 meetings. The
last meeting of the
> International Diplomatic Commission was held
in
> Belgrade on 25 June 2004.
>
>
During negotiations, Serbia and
> Montenegro has, on the basis of
internationally,
> broadly accepted principles of border
division,
> offered the proposal for the border to be drawn in
>
the regions of municipalities of Priboj (Serbia and
> Montenegro) and
Rudo (B i H), where by instead of
> using the ridge of the mountain Bic,
to use the
> middle of the river Lim, from the delta of the
river
> Uvca to the village of Sjeverin as a border. With
> this
complex and functional proposal the road
> communication would be open
on the left bank of the
> river and that would remove problem of cutting
out
> 2/3 of the territory of the municipality of Priboj
>
with around 5000 people (villages of Kasidol,
> Batkovici, Sjeverin,
Zabrdje, Zabrnjica,
> Hercegovacka Golesa, Pribojska Golesa,
Bucje,
> Kaludjerovici, Socice and Krnjaca) from the centre
> of
the municipality. From Priboj, to these villages,
> it is possible to
come by using international road
> (former regional road) Priboj - Rudo,
which is 9 km
> in length and passes over the territory that
>
according to registrars' books in Rudo, belongs to
> Bosnia and
Herzegovina and goes through enclave of
> Sastavci. The possibility of
using second shortest
> road over the territory of Serbia and
Montenegro
> would complicate the life and work of the
>
population, as the road is in excess of 100km in
> length.
>
>
The question of enclave of Sastavci
> would be solved within this
framework, as well as
> the solution of the question for the
confirmation of
> the official state border as a whole. For the
>
territory of enclave of Sastavci, that would
> territorially be
transferred to Serbia and
> Montenegro, as well as any other changes,
Serbia and
> Montenegro has expressed willingness to offer
>
competent territorial compensation that are in
> interest of Bosnia and
Herzegovina.
>
>
Moreover, in the proposal from Bosnia
> and Herzegovina, that generally
insists for the
> state border to be confirmed by accepting the
>
existing borders between municipalities of Serbia
> and Montenegro and
Bosnia and Herzegovina, states
> that the border in the region of
enclave of Satavci
> (which is totally surrounded by the territory
of
> municipality of Priboj, Serbia and Montenegro) is to
> be
confirmed by not following municipality's border
> but by making a
corridor over the territory of
> Serbia and Montenegro and connecting it
with the
> territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
>
>
Proposals of both sides offer not to
> follow municipality border, that
are also legal and
> in agreement with International Diplomatic
>
Commission and with the Manual for the work of mixed
> group of experts
for identification and confirmation
> of the state border. For the
population of the
> enclave of Sastavci, the worst solution would be
for
> the border to be confirmed along the already
> established
municipalitys borders, while at the same
> time not if one of the
solutions offered is
> accepted. If the worst solution is used, then
road
> communication with their main municipality would be
> cut
and the problems of transportation of
> agricultural produce, food,
health care and other
> important aspects for population there would
rise,
> and there will be a need to provide administration
>
documents by paying required state tax in order to
> maintain living
status.
>
>
During the formulation of its
> proposal, Serbia and Montenegro took
into the
> consideration the facts from the region of enclave
> of
Sastavci that were gathered on the ground.
>
>
Enclave of Sastavci is part of the
> village Medjurecja (municipality of
Rudo, Bosnia and
> Herzegovina), with the area of 395 ha 83 a 57
m2.
> Due to the small area, it is impossible to show it
> on the
maps that are smaller in proportion than
> 1:1,000.000. The enclave did
not form during 1990's
> with any ethnic cleansing nor with the exchange
of
> the territory as it is stated in the letter of Dr.
> Brendan
Whyte from the University of Melbourne.
> Historic facts about the
formation of the enclave on
> the territory of Serbia are not known, but
among the
> population it is tied to the period at the end of
>
XIX and beginning of XX century, when in that
> region, the
Austro-Hungary and the Ottoman Empires
> where sharing the border, after
the Congress of
> Berlin (1878) when the Austro-Hungary was allowed
to
> annex Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is believed that,
> due to
the ownership relations from that period, the
> enclave of Sastavci
remained, after Ottomans
> retreated from Bosnia to the Raska region
(Sandjak),
> tied to the Austro-Hungary administration. Later,
>
with the automatic transfer already established
> administrative
borders, enclave was left tied to the
> Bosnia and Herzegovina.
>
>
There are suggestions that during
> 1980's there were talks about
possible solutions for
> this enclave, but the detailed proposal was
probably
> left at the desk of one of the local politicians.
>
>
Majority of the population, over 70%
> are citizens of Serbia, their
documents are issued
> in Serbia. In 1999 there were 75 households out
of
> which 25 were Bosnian - Muslim households, and out
> of 270
people living there 135 were Bosnian Muslims.
>
>
All the vital infrastructure and
> systems in the enclave of Sastavci
are tied to the
> municipality of Priboj and its financing and
>
building was organised and done by the town of
> Priboj. Primary school
"9 Maj" was build by the
> Republic of Serbia and education of students
is done
> according to the plans and programs organised by the
>
Ministry of Education of Serbia, who is also
> financing its operation.
Ambulance in Sastavci is a
> part of the Medical Centre of Priboj, which
is
> providing staff and finance, and it is paying all
> the
work-related requirements to the Republic of
> Serbia. In Sastavci there
is a unit of the Ministry
> of the Interior and it has its own
building.
> Telecommunication and postal services are done by
>
"Telekom Uzice" which provides and maintains
> telephone connections.
Supply of the electrical
> energy is done by Serbia. Majority of the
high
> school students are studying in Priboj, and majority
> of
the workforce is working in Priboj (F.A.P.)
> Although the requirement
for working in the state
> institutions of Republic of Serbia is to
have
> citizenship, there are two citizens of Bosnia and
>
Herzegovina working in the state institutions.
>
>
On the other hand, the land is
> registered in the registrars' books of
municipality
> of Rudo (BiH), where the population of Sastavci
is
> paying its land tax. Citizens of Serbia are paying
> the tax
on its business buildings (five buildings of
> recent construction) to
the Bosnia and Herzegovina.
>
>
When it comes to the period of
> 1992-1995, there was no ethnic
cleansing in
> Sastavci, Majority out of 10 families of Bosnians
>
(around 10%), were, due to the closeness of the war
> activities, moved
to Serbia (Priboj, Prijepolje,
> Sjenica, Novi Pazar). The reasons for
leaving
> enclave of Sastavci for Serbia was due to the
>
closeness and existence of the family ties in
> Serbia. A number of them
have left for Bosnia and
> Herzegovina. During this migration there were
no
> casualties. Migration of the Bosnian - Muslim
> population,
above all due to economic reasons,
> happened before the collapse of the
Federal
> Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia, mainly in
> direction
of Gorazde and Sarajevo.
>
>
Four families, made of seven people,
> have returned to enclave of
Sastavci and they are
> using their property (land). Those returned did
not
> endure any police or judicial pressure from the
> Serbian
side. The restored houses are mainly used as
> holiday and weekend
houses by their owners. Large
> part of the young population from
Sastavci, both
> Bosnian and Serbian alike, have left to live
abroad,
> above all due to the economic reasons.
>
>
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